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This page
contains Chapter 4 of Early New Zealand Printed Maps. For other
chapters return to the list via Contents above right and the
title in Section B or scroll down to the end of this page to go to
the following Chapter.
Hydrographer of the Navy
The office of Hydrographer
to the Admiralty was established in 1795 when Alexander Dalrymple
became the first appointee to hold the post. The title later changed
to Hydrographer of the Navy.
Hydrographers and their
term in office, to 1855, were: Alexander Dalrymple, 1795-1808,
Thomas Hurd 1808-1823, W. Edward Parry 1823-1829,
Francis Beaufort, 1829-1855, John
Washington, 1855-63. In charts of New Zealand or parts of New
Zealand the Hydrographer’s initials are inscribed within the
Hydrographic Office seal.
All early
Hydrographic Office charts were printed and published in London.
Early
chart catalogues
The first Admiralty chart
catalogue was published in 1821 and the first New Zealand section
was included in the 1839 issue. (See the illustration - click on the
thumbnail left to enlarge.) From twelve charts in the 1839
catalogue, the New Zealand section expanded to twenty-two charts in
the 1846 catalogue.
Chart
numbers
Chart
numbers were first allocated in the 1839 Admiralty catalogue, and
except for the general chart, New Zealand charts are numbered from
1089 as they are listed in the catalogue. Further chart numbers
allocated to new charts are unrelated to the earlier numbering system.
Since the same chart sometimes received a new number without any
other changes when reprinted, the numbering system is confusing.
The same chart number sometimes extended through different editions
of a chart covering the same area.
earlier New Zealand
numbers. The numbering system is confusing; sometimes in a new
printing, the same chart received a new number without any other
changes. At other times, the same chart number extended
through different editions of a chart covering the same area.
Chart
sizes
Chart sizes are indicated
in Admiralty chart catalogues according to
paper size. A full-size
Admiralty chart was printed on double-elephant paper (DE), giving a
printed area of approximately 640 x 960 mm. The full sheets
would be subdivided into half-sheets (termed DE/2), thirds (DE/3),
quarters (DE/4), and eighths (DE/8).
Scale
Scales are given in the
1839 catalogue by the length in inches of geographical mile (m) or a
degree (d) of latitude.
Price
The price of charts
changed from time to time; prices did not always increase but were
sometimes reduced. Since publication dates were often left
unaltered when other data were changed, a study of price changes (in
conjunction with listings in chart catalogues) can help to pinpoint
the true publication date of a particular chart.
Admiralty agents
Between 1821 and 1829, a
number of chart sellers shared the agency for the sale of the
Admiralty charts. On 25 September 1829, R. B. Bate was
appointed sole agent. On the death of Bate in December 1847,
Mrs Bate continued the agency in her husband’s name. J. D. Potter,
who had been Bates’ foreman, was appointed Chart Agent, on 20 April
1850. Thus, some of the charts listed were first
issued with Bates’ imprint and later revised to replace Bates’
name with Potter’s imprint.
Magnetic
variation
Sometimes the variation
provides a guide to the date a chart was actually printed. In
a few charts the date is inserted under or near the variation
figure.
Views
Coastal views became a
regular feature in British Admiralty charts from an early date.
Bibliography
David &
Campbell, 1984; Day, 1967.
§
NB1.
In the following list the arrangement is north to south followed by
the remote islands. The chart number is given before each title
although it should be noted that the number was not included in
charts printed before 1839; the publication date is given last.
NB2.
All
illustrations in this page are reproduced with the kind permission
of UKHO.
The
sub-headings provide the name of the original surveyor, the year of
the survey, the area, and the year of publication of the first
issue.
J. Cook (1769-1770),
New Zealand, 1816
Map
Bri 1 “A Chart of New Zealand, explored by Captain James Cook in
1769 & 1770 in His Majesty’s Bark the Endeavour.” “...
1816.” (505 x 367 mm.)
This chart was a re-issue of
William Wales’ chart noted in Chapter 2.
(See
Map Com 1,
“Commissioners of Longitude,” and the accompanying
illustration) Minor changes
were made to the copper plate before fresh charts were printed with the Hydrographer’s seal.
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Map
Bri 1. “A Chart of New Zealand, explored by Captain James
Cook in 1769
& 1770 in His Majesty’s Bark the Endeavour.” “... 1816.”
Remarks:
This chart is a re-issue of William Wales’ chart noted in the entry
Com 1 Chapter 2, (See Map Com 1, “Commissioners of
Longitude,” ).Minor changes were made to the copper plate before
fresh charts were printed with
the Hydrographer’s seal. (Lower right.) Before this state was
printed. Also Cook's track was expunged from the copper plate.
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J. Cook et al., (1769
- c.
1836), New Zealand, 1838
Map
Bri 2.2 1180 “The Islands of New Zealand Compiled from the
Voyages of Captain Cook and all the Subsequent British and French
Navigators” “... 1838.” (634 x 469 mm.)
This is
the first state of the second edition of the general chart. The
number was changed in the copper plate, to 1212 before May
1839 when second state charts were printed (Map Bri 2.2) A third
state printed in or near 1845 is without the mythical
“Taranaki Bay” Map Bri 2.3; A fourth state
printed with amendments in 1846 includes a note: “corrections to
1846.” (Map Bri 2.4) This issue remained current until a new
edition was published in 1856. Originally prepared under the
supervision of Francis Beaufort this chart is virtually
identical to the S.D.U.K. map of 1838 (listed in the entry,
Map SOK 1.1, in Chapter 12, and illustrated in, fig.12.1).
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Map
Bri 2.2. 1180 “The Islands of New Zealand Compiled from the
Voyages of Captain Cook and all the Subsequent British and French Navigators” “... 1838.”
Remarks: This is
the first state of the second edition of the general chart.
The number was changed in the copper plate, to 1212 before May
1839 when second state charts were printed (Map Bri 2.2) A third
state printed in or near 1845 is without the mythical “Taranaki Bay” Map Bri
2.3; A fourth state printed with
amendments in 1846 includes a note: “corrections to
1846.” (Map Bri 2.4)This
issue remained current until a new edition was published in 1856.
Originally prepared under the supervision of
Francis Beaufort, the hydrographer this chart is virtually identical to the S.D.U.K.
map of 1838 (listed in the entry, Map SOK 1.1,
in Chapter 12). |
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J.F.M. de Surville
(1769), Doubtless Bay, c. 1804
Map
Bri 3.1** 1089 “Plan of the Bay of Lauriston on New-Zeland,
in 34o 58' So From a French MS. December 1769 communicated by Monsr.
D’Aprés.” “ ... 1781.” (291 x 375 mm.)
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Map
Bri 3.1. 1089 “Plan of the Bay of Lauriston on New-Zeland,
in
34º 58' So From a French MS. December 1769 communicated by Monsr.
D’Aprés.” “ ... 1781.” (Doubtless Bay)
Remarks:
The data in
this chart are derived from a survey
carried out by J.F.M. de Surville, in 1769. This
first Hydrographic Office issue,printed around 1804, was also the
first Admiralty chart of a part of New Zealand but the chart had
been issued previously by Alexander Dalrymple. At least six states of this chart are
known; an issue published after 1845 delineates
Mangonui Harbour. (Map Bri 3.6) Jean de Doubtless Bay on 17 December 1769; the expedition
stayed a fortnight before Surville, in command of the French vessel
St Jean Baptiste anchored in sailing east on 1 January 1770.
Dalrymple who first published this chart, received a copy
of de Surville’s sketch through his friend, the noted French
cartographer, J.B. d’Apres de Mannevillet. For a complete analysis
of the various states of the printed chart, see Jeremy Spencer, in
Appendix 1, in Ollivier and Hingley, Extracts from
Journals … St Jean Baptiste (1982).
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Map
Bri 3.1 1089 “Plan of the Bay of Lauriston on New-Zeland,
in
34º 58' So From a French MS. December 1769 communicated by Monsr.
D’Aprés.”
“ ... 1781.” Remarks:
The data in this chart are derived
from a survey carried out by J.F.M. de Surville, in 1769.
At least
six states of this chart are known;
this issue published after
1845 delineates Mangonui Harbour. (Map Bri 3.6)
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A. H. Halloran
(1845), Mangonui Harbour, 1847
Map
Bri 4.1 1791 / Seal / “New Zealand. Port Monganui in Lauriston Bay
/ By / H. Halloran Master of H.M.S. Osprey. 1845.” / “ ... 1847.” (604 x
450 mm.)
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Map
Bri 4.1 1791 / Seal / “New Zealand. Port Monganui in Lauriston Bay
/ By / H. Halloran Master of H.M.S. Osprey. 1845.” / “ ...
1847.” A. H. Halloran
(1845), Mangonui Harbour, 1847
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The
following
chart remained current, with corrections, until 1898.
T. Woore
(1834); F. A. Cudlip (1834), Whangaroa Harbour with an inset view,
1834
Map
Bri 5.1 1092 “New Zealand (North Isle) Wangeroa Bay Surveyed by
Lieut Thos. Woore H.M.S. Alligator, and MR. F.A. Cudlip H.M.S.S.
Buffalo. 1834” [with an inset view:] “Entrance of Wangeroa,
Distant 3½ miles” “... 1836.” (604 x 450 mm.)
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Map
Bri 5.1. 1092 “New Zealand (North Isle) Wangeroa Bay Surveyed by
Lieut Thos. Woore H.M.S. Alligator, and MR. F.A. Cudlip H.M.S.S.
Buffalo. 1834” [with an inset view:] “Entrance of Wangeroa,
Distant 3½ miles” “... 1836.” Remarks: The first
issue was printed without the number; the second state with the
number was published in or near
1839 (Map
Bri 5.2). Following Captain Stokes' survey in 1849, virtually all
the earlier engraving was expunged from the copper plate and
fresh engraving took place to provide amended data. New charts
were printed in 1850 (Map Bri 5.3).The chart
remained current with corrections and additions beyond 1900. The
following
chart remained current, with corrections, until 1898. T. Woore
(1834); F. A. Cudlip (1834), Whangaroa Harbour with an inset view,
1834
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J. de Blosseville, A
Bérard, and T. de Blois (1824), Bay of Islands, 1833
Map
Bri 6.1 1091 “The Bay of Islands in Eaheinomauwe, New
Zealand from M Duperry’s [sic] Atlas 1824 [sic] ”
“... 1833.” (47 x 630 mm.)
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Map
Bri 6.1. 1091 “The Bay of Islands in Eaheinomauwe, New
Zealand from M Duperry’s [sic]
Atlas 1824 [sic] ” “... 1833.” (47 x 630 mm.) This is
an example of a British Admiralty chart modelled entirely on a
French chart. The first two states were published before chart
numbers were allocated. Changes to the second state include a new
title and the addition of an inset as follows: “New Zealand
(North Isle) Bay of Islands From Surveys Made in La
Coquille,
M. Dupperey [sic] Commandant 1824 And l’Astrolable, M. Laplace Commandant 1830,1,2,” - “Continuation of the
River Kawakawa” “... 1836. (Map Bri 6.2) The third state
includes the chart number (Map Bri 6.3) .The chart remained current
until 1857 when it was replaced by a new chart engraved to a larger
size but with the same number.
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Reproduced with the kind
permission of UKHO and the Alexander Turnbull Library,
Wellington. |
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Map Bri 6.2. The third state
includes the chart number (Map Bri 6.3) .
The chart remained current
until 1857 when it was replaced by a new
chart engraved to a larger
size but with the same number. This is
an example of a British Admiralty chart modelled entirely on a
French
chart. The first
two states were published before chart numbers
were allocated. Changes
to the second state include a new title and the addition of an inset
as follows: “New Zealand (North Isle) Bay of Islands From
Surveys Made in La Coquille, M. Dupperey [sic]
Commandant 1824 And l’Astrolable, M.
Laplace Commandant
1830,1,2,” -
“Continuation of the River Kawakawa” “... 1836
. (Map Bri 6.2) The third state
includes the chart number (Map Bri 6.3) .The chart remained current
until 1857 when it was
replaced by a new chart
engraved to a larger size but with
the same number.
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J.G. Nops (1845),
Whangaruru Harbour, 1849
Map
Bri 7.1 .1949 “New Zealand. Wangarurn Harbour By J.G. Nops,
Master R. N. 1845” “... 1849.” (300 x 225 mm.)
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to follow 1052
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Reproduced with the kind
permission of UKHO and the Auckland Museum Library. |
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The name
was corrected to read “Wangaruru Harbour” in a reprint published
probably in 1849. (Map Bri 7.2)
The chart remained current until
1851 when it was replaced by chart no. 2024 following a new survey
by Capt. Stokes.
J. R. Kent et al.
(1820). Hokianga Harbour, 1833
Map
Bri 8.1 1091 “Shookianga River, New Zealand.
... “ ... 1833.”
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Map
Bri 8.1
1091 “Shookianga
River, New Zealand.
... “
...
1833.”
State 1 |
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Map
Bri 8.1. 1091 “Shookianga River, New Zealand.
... “ ... 1833.”
The name of the
surveyor is not given but almost certainly the data are derived from
a survey carried out in 1820, by John Rodolphus Kent who
commanded the NSW government schooner Prince Regent. Richard
Skinner of HMS Dromedary
may also have played a
part in the
survey.
A second state of the chart
incorporating
alterations was
published in or near 1835 (Map Bri 8.2). The title in
this issue reads: “New Zealand North Isle
Shookianga River, a fine Wooding Country, ..” The third state
published in or near 1839 includes the Chart number.
(Map Bri 8.3) In the fourth state published in or near 1850
the title reads, “Hokianga. Harbour.” (Map Bri 8.4) The
chart remained current until 1857 when it was replaced by a
larger chart with the same number. figure 4.2 King's
contribution was no more than the dispatch of the manuscript
from Sydney to London. King must have known that Kent was the
main surveyor but either King or the Hydrographer at London
decided to omit the name or names of independent surveyors.
Kent made a major contribution to early coastal and
harbour surveys. |
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N.C. Phillips (1837),
Tutukaka Harbour, 1840
Map Bri 9.1 1275 “New Zealand North I. Tutukaka
Harbour and Nongodo River in The Gulf of Shouraka Surveyed By
Mr. N.C. Phillips Second Master of H.M.S., Buffalo 1837”
“ ... 1840.” (290 x 580mm.)
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Map Bri 9.1.
1275 “New Zealand North I. Tutukaka
Harbour and
Nongodo River in The Gulf of Shouraka
Surveyed By Mr. N.C. Phillips
Second
Master of H.M.S., Buffalo 1837” Published in 1840.”
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In early
1850, the copper plate was revised and fresh charts were printed
with additional data gained from Capt. Stokes’ survey of 1849. (Map
Bri 9.2) The chart remained current with revisions beyond
1900.
F. A. Cudlip (1834),
Mahurangi Harbour, 1836
Map
Bri 10.1 1094 “New Zealand (North Isle, Shouraka Gulf) Kiahow
Harbour Surveyed by F.A. Cudlip Mate of H.M.S.S. Buffalo Mr. F.
Sadler Commander. 1834” “ ... 1836.” (275 x217 mm.)
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Map
Bri 10.1. 1094 “New Zealand (North Isle, Shouraka Gulf) Kiahow
Harbour Surveyed by F.A. Cudlip Mate of H.M.S.S. Buffalo Mr. F.
Sadler Commander.
1834” “ ... 1836.” F. A. Cudlip (1834)Harbour, 1836Map
Bri 10.1 1094 “New Zealand (North Isle, Shourak Gulf) Kiahow [Mahurangi]
Harbour Surveyed by F.A. CudlipMate of H.M.S.S. Buffalo
Mr. F. Sadler Commander. 1834” “ ... 1836.”
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In state
two, published in or near 1851, the name “Kiahow” in the title
has been changed to “Maurhangi;” the chart number is also an
addition in this issue (Map Bri 10.2). The chart
remained current until 1852 when it was replaced by a new chart
lithographed to a larger size but with the same number.
Cook
(1769); Downie (1820); d’Urville (1827); Sadler (1834), Hauraki
Gulf, 1836
Map
Bri 11.1 1093 “New Zealand (North Isle) Shouraka Gulf And the
Mouth Of The River Thames From the surveys of Captain James Cook
in H.M.S. Endeavour 1769, MR. James Downie in H.M.S.S.
Coromandel 1820, Le Capitiane
D’Urville In H.F.M.S. L’Astrolabe
1827, MR. Frederick Sadler in H.M.S.S.
Buffalo 1834” “ ... 1836” (600 x 400 mm.)
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Map Bri 11.2.
The chart reproduced above is an example of
the
second state published in or near 1840 the chart number is an
addition and the Waitemata Harbour is outlined (Map Bri 11.2).
A third state includes further changes and a note: “Corrected
to 1845” (Map Bri 11.3). In the fourth state printed in or
near 1851, the earlier credit under the title to Cook’s 1769 survey,
has been replaced by a new legend, “Captain J. L Stokes
in H.M.S. Acheron 1849,” and an additional note reads “Corrected to 1849.” (Map Bri 11.4)
Numerous changes are
noticeable in this issue. “Shouraka Gulf” in
the title in the issues mentioned above has been replaced by the
name “Hauraka Gulf" in the fifth state published in or near 1855
(Map Bri 11.5).
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P. Fisher, and P.C.
Bean (1840); O. Stanley (1840), Waitemata Harbour, 1840.
Map
Bri 12.1 1349 “New Zealand North Island Wai Temata
Harbour Surveyed By Lieut. P. Fisher And P.C. Bean Master In
H.M.S. Herald, Captn. J. Nias 1840” “ ... 1840.” (460 x
610 mm.)
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Map
Bri 12.1. 1349 “New Zealand North Island Wai Temata
Harbour Surveyed By Lieut. P. Fisher And P.C. Bean Master In
H.M.S. Herald, Captn. J. Nias 1840” “ ... 1840.”
Remarks.
Following the second Royal Navy survey of
Waitemata Harbour in September 1840, the chart was re-issued with
amendments (Map Bri 12.2). The title in state two reads:
“New Zealand North Island Wai-Temata Harbour Surveyed By
Captain Owen Stanley H.M.S. Britomart Sandy Bay Ec By Lieut.
P. Fisher And P.C. Bean Master 1840.” [with an inset view:]
“Northern Entrance to Waitemata
Harbour” “ ... 1841.” A third state published in or near
1842 includes further data and the name, Auckland.
(Map Bri 12.3) This chart remained current
until 1848 when it was replaced by a new chart, engraved to a
larger size, following Capt. Stokes’ survey of the area.It is
sometimes claimed that this was the first chart published of
Waitemata Harbour but Kent’s chart pre-dates this Admiralty
chart (see the entry, Map Nor 3, in Chapter 6, and fig. 6.2 in the
same chapter). Following the second Royal Navy survey of
Waitemata Harbour in September 1840, the chart was re-issued with
amendments (Map Bri 12.2). The title in state two reads:
“New Zealand North Island Wai-Temata Harbour Surveyed By
Captain Owen Stanley H.M.S. Britomart Sandy Bay Ec By Lieut.
P. Fisher And P.C. Bean Master 1840.” [with an inset view:]
“Northern Entrance to Waitemata
Harbour” “ ... 1841.” A third state published in or near
1842 includes further data and the name, Auckland.
(Map Bri 12.3) This chart remained current
until 1848 when it was replaced by a new chart, engraved to a
larger size, following Capt. Stokes’ survey of the
area. Previous to his stay at Waitemata Harbour in September 1840
Stanley visited and surveyed Akaroa Harbour and Pigeon Bay in August
1840. Wakaroa became known as Pigeon Bay because of the large number
of pigeons found in the area.
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G.O. Ormsby (1845),
Manukau Harbour with an inset plan, 1846
Map
Bri 13.1 1117 “New Zealand North Island Manukau Harbour Surveyed
By G.O. Ormsby 1845” [with an inset plan:] “Sketch of Manukau Lagoon
with the Harbour” “... 1846.” (451 x 609 mm.)
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Map
Bri 13.1 1117 “New Zealand North Island Manukau Harbour
Surveyed
By G.O. Ormsby 1845” [with an inset plan:] “Sketch of
Manukau
Lagoon with the Harbour” “... 1846.”
Remarks:
This chart
remained
current until 1856 when it was replaced by a new chart
engraved to
a larger size but with the same number.
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NB.
All
illustrations on this page are reproduced with the kind permission
of UKHO.
T. Barnett (1826),
Port Nicholson, 1840
Map Bri
14.1** 1273 “New Zealand North Island Port Nicholson Or Wangenueatera
From A Sketch By Mr. T. Barnett 1826.” “ ... 1840.”
(302 x 256 mm.)
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Map Bri
14.1. 1273 “New Zealand North Island Port Nicholson Or
Wangenueatera
From A Sketch By Mr. T. Barnett 1826.” “ ... 1840.”
Remarks:
Two ships belonging to the first New Zealand Company’s
expedition visited Port
Nicholson in May 1826; the Rosanna
(J. Herd),
and the
Lambton (T.
Barnett). Herd commanded the expedition which
carried immigrants. The two
ships of the first New Zealand Company’s
expedition, the Rosanna and the Lambton, anchored in Port Nicholson
late
in the day on 25 May 1826. A survey of the harbour was carried
out
during the week the visitors stayed.
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E.M. Chaffers (1839),
Port Nicholson with an inset view, 1842
Map Bri
15.1 1423 “New Zealand North Island Port Nicholson
Surveyed By E.M. Chaffers R.N. 1839.” [with an untitled inset
view] “ ... 1842.” (615 x 465 mm.)
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Map Bri
15.1. 1423 “New Zealand North Island Port Nicholson
Surveyed By E.M.
Chaffers R.N. 1839.” [with an untitled inset view] “ ...
1842.” Remarks:
This was a new chart, renumbered, and engraved to a larger size.
Chaffers commanded the second New Zealand Company’s ship, Tory. A
second state of the chart includes the note: ./........
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“Additions to 1849” (Map Bri
15.2). This edition remained current until 1856 when it
was replaced by a new chart engraved to a larger size but with
the same number.
G. Johnson (1837),
Port Underwood in Cloudy Bay, 1840
Map
Bri 16.1 1272 “New Zealand South I. Port Underwood In
Cloudy Bay Surveyed By Mr. G. Johnson, Master Of H.M.S.
Conway Captn C.R. Bethune 1837.” “ ... 1840.”
(310 x 250 mm.)
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Map
Bri 16.1. 1272 “New Zealand South I. Port Underwood In
Cloudy Bay Surveyed By Mr. G. Johnson, Master Of H.M.S.
Conway
Captn
C.R. Bethune 1837.” “ ... 1840.”
Remarks:
At the
time of the Conway’s
visit, Cloudy Bay was the centre of intense whaling activity.
The chart
remained current until 1859.
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E.M. Chaffers (1839),
Tory Channel, 1841
Bri
17.1 1422 (Subsequently no. 1414.) “New
Zealand Tory Channel From a Sketch By E.M. Chaffers R.N. 1839.”
“ ... 1841.” (238 x 366 mm)
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Bri
17.1. 1422 (Subsequently no. 1414.) “New
Zealand Tory Channel From a Sketch By E.M.
Chaffers R.N. 1839.” “ ... 1841.” Remarks: Charts
printed in 1841 were numbered 1422 but in a second printing
the number was changed to 1414. (Map Bri 17.2.
The chart illustrated above is a copy of the second printing with
the number 1414. The chart
remained current until 1859.
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Reproduced with the kind permission
of UKHO and the
Alexander
Turnbull Library, Wellington.
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T. Woore (1834), Port
Gore, 1836
Map
Bri 18.1 1098 “New Zealand (South Isle, Cook Strait) Port
Gore Surveyed by Lieut. Woore H.M.S. Alligator, 1834.”
“... 1836.” (230 x 280 mm.)
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Map
Bri 18.1. 1098 “New Zealand (South Isle, Cook Strait/ Port
Gore
Surveyed by Lieut. Woore
H.M.S. Alligator, 1834.” “... 1836.”
Remarks:
The first
state (above) was printed before chart numbers were allocated
in 1839; the second state includes the number 1098
(Map Bri 18.2).
The chart remained current until 1859. |
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P.E. Guilbert (1827),
Current Basin with an inset view, 1836
Map Bri 19.1 1096
“New Zealand (Cook’s Strait) Current Basin surveyed by M. Guilbert
Enseigne de l’Astrolabe M. D’Urville Capitaine 1827.” [with an inset
view:] “The French Pass from the S.W.” “ ... 1836.” (230 x 268 mm.)
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Map Bri 19.1. 1096 “New Zealand (Cook’s Strait)
Current Basin surveyed by M. Guilbert Enseigne de l’Astrolabe M.
D’Urville Capitaine 1827.” [with an inset view:] “The French Pass
from the S.W.” “ ... 1836 Remarks:
”This is another example
of a British Admiralty chart modelled entirely on a French survey
(see details of the original French printed chart listed in entry,
Map Dep 14.1 in Chapter 5.) The first state was printed before chart
numbers were allocated in 1839. The second state, printed in or near
1839, includes the number “1096.”
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Map Bri 19.1. 1096 “New Zealand (Cook’s Strait)
Current Basin surveyed by M. Guilbert Enseigne de l’Astrolabe M.
D’Urville Capitaine 1827.” [with an inset view:] “The French Pass
from the S.W.” “ ... 1836 Remarks:
”This is another example
of a British Admiralty chart modelled entirelyon a French survey
(see details of the original French printed chart listed in entry,
Map Dep 14.1 in Chapter 5.) The first state was printed before chart
numbers were allocated in 1839. The second state, printed in or near
1839, includes the number “1096.”
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The second state, printed in or near 1839,
includes the number “1096.”
(Map Bri 19.2) A third
state shows a price change from “1s.” “Sixpence.”
(Map Bri 19.3) The chart remained current until 1857 when it was
replaced by a new chart engraved to a larger size but with the same
number.
T. Woore (1834), Port Hardy with an inset view, 1836
Map Bri 20.1 1095 “New Zealand (D’Urville I. Cook Strait)
Port
Hardy Surveyed by Lieut. T. Woore H.M.S. Alligator 1834” [with an
inset view:] “Entrance of Port Hardy.” “ ... 1836.” (280 x 220 mm.)
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Map Bri 20.1. 1095 “New
Zealand (D’Urville I. Cook Strait) Port Hardy Surveyed by
Lieut. T. Woore H.M.S. Alligator 1834” [with an inset view:]
“Entrance of Port Hardy.” “ ... 1836.”Remarks: The
first issue was printed before chart numbers were allocated in
1839. An example of a second state printed in or near 1839 has
not been found but prints belonging to a third state published
after 1846 are known. (Map Bri 20.3) The chart remained
current until 1859. P.E. Guilbert (1827), Tasman Bay - western
shore, 1836.
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Map Bri 21.1 1097 “New Zealand (Cook Strait) Blind Bay
Western Shore Surveyed by M. Guilbert Enseigne de l’Astrolabe 1827.”
“ ... 1836.” (310 x 200 mm.)
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Map Bri 21.1. 1097 “New
Zealand (Cook Strait) Blind Bay Western Shore Surveyed by M.
Guilbert Enseigne de l’Astrolabe 1827.” “ ... 1836.” Remartks:
This chart is mainly modelled on two French charts prepare by
P.E. Guilbert and published inDumont d’Urville’s
Atlas Hydrographique,
dated 1833 (see the charts listed
in entry, Map Dep 12.1, and entry, Map Dep 13.1 in Chapter 5.) The
chart was first published before chart numbers were allocated in
1839. The second state includes the number “1097.” (Map Bri 21.2)
Before the third state was printed,
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P.E. Guilbert (1827),
Tasman Bay - western shore, 1836
Map Bri 21.1
1097
“New Zealand (Cook Strait) Blind Bay Western Shore Surveyed by M.
Guilbert Enseigne de l’Astrolabe 1827.” “ ... 1836.” (310 x
200 mm.)
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(Map Bri 21.3).This
chart is mainly modelled on two French charts prepared by P.E.
Guilbert and published in Dumont d’Urville’s Atlas
Hydrographique, dated 1833 (see the charts listed in entry, Map Dep
12.1, and entry, Map Dep 13.1 in Chapter 5.) The chart was first
published before chart numbers were allocated in 1839. The second
state includes the number “1097.” (Map Bri 21.2) Before
the third state was printed, in 1846, the copper plate was altered
to provide a new title as follows: “New Zealand Torrent Bay And
Astrolabe Road On The West Shore Of Blind Bay Surveyed by M.
Guilbert Enseigne de l’Astrolabe 1827” (Map Bri 21.3 - this is
the state reproduced above). The chart remained current until
1858 when a new chart was published and Guilbert’s work was
incorporated as an inset.
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Reproduced with the kind permission
of UKHO and the
Alexander Turnbull Library,
Wellington.
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O. Stanley (1840),
Pigeon Bay, Banks Peninsula, 1845
Map Bri 22.1** 1694 “New Zealand sketch of Wakaroa By Commr.
O. Stanley H.M.S. Britomart,
1840.” “ ... 1845.” (250 x 180 mm.)
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O. Stanley (1840), Pigeon Bay, Banks
Peninsula, 1845. Map Bri 22.1. " 1694 “New Zealand sketch of Wakaroa By Commr.
O. Stanley H.M.S. Britomart,
1840.” “ ... 1845.”
Remarks:
This chart remained current until 1852 when a new chart, no. 1999,
replaced it.
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J.M. Fournier (1838),
Lyttelton Harbour and Port Levy with an inset view, 1844.
Map Bri 23.1.
1595 “New Zealand South Island Tokolabo And Koko-Rarata Bays
Surveyed By M. Fournier In The French Corvette L’Heroine 1840” [with
an untitled view of the entrance to Lyttelton Harbour] “
... 1844.” (208 x 317 mm.)
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Map Bri 23.1.
1595 “New Zealand South Island Tokolabo And Koko-Rarata Bays
Surveyed By M. Fournier In The French Corvette L’Heroine 1840” [with
an untitled view of the entrance to Lyttelton Harbour]
“ ... 1844.” Remarks:
This chart is another example of a
British Admiralty chart modelled on a French work. Fournier’s chart
was published by the Dépôt-général de la Marine, Paris, in 1840.
(see the chart listed in entry, Map Dep 24, in Chapter 5.)
The BA chart remained current until 1852, when it was replaced by
Chart no. 1999, following Capt. Stokes’ surveys.
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O. Stanley (1840),
Akaroa Harbour with an inset view, 1844
Map Bri 24.1 1575
“New Zealand South Island Akaroa Harbour Commr. Owen Stanley 1840”
[with an untitled coastal view] “ ... 1844.” (300 x 205 mm.)
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Map Bri 24.1.
1575 “New Zealand South Island Akaroa Harbour
Commr. Owen Stanley 1840” [with an untitled coastal view] “ ...
1844.” Remarks:
The data in this chart are derived from a
survey carried out by Commander Owen Stanley when he brought HMS
Britomart into Akaroa Harbour on a visit, in August 1840.
The chart remained current, with minor alterations, until 1874.
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W. L. Edwardson
(1822), Henrietta Bay, Ruapuke Island, 1840
Map Bri 25.1 1328
“New Zealand South Isle Rouabouki Road From A Sketch Communicated By
Lieut. Orlando Wilson R.N. 1839.” “ ... 1840.” (260 x
290 mm.)
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The data in this chart
are derived from a survey carried out by
Capt. William Lawrence
Edwardson who commanded the NSW
government sloop Snapper, in 1822, although Edwardson is not
credited as the author. The chart remained current until 1855.
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W.L.Edwardson (1822),
G. Vancouver (1791), et al.,
south-west New Zealand, and
Dusky Sound with Chalky Inlet, 1833
Map Bri 26.1a and b.
1099 (2 charts on one sheet) “South Point of T’Avai Poenammoo
New Zealand From M Duperry’s [sic] Atlas 1829. [sic]
// Dusky Bay From Vancouver’s Voyage and Port Chalky From M.
Duperry’s [sic] Atlas.” “... 1833.” (272 x 340 mm. -
overall)
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Map Bri 26.1a.
From M Duperry’s [sic] Atlas 1829. [sic] // Dusky Bay
From Vancouver’s Voyage
and Port Chalky From M. Duperry’s [sic] Atlas Hydrographie “...
1833.” Remarks:
The data in the French chart are derived from a survey
carried out by W.L. Edwardson in 1822. The section titled “
... Dusky Bay ...” is modelled partly on a chart in Duperrey’s Atlas
Hydrographique (Paris, 1827), (see the chart listed in entry,
Map Dep 6c.1, in Chapter 5), and partly on sketches which are
derived from surveys carried out during Vancouver’s visit in 1791,
(see the chart listed in entry, Map Rob 1a, in Chapter 3, and
fig. 3.1 - go via Contents at top).” The chart was reprinted in or
near 1834 with alterations; the errors in the spelling of Duperrey
and the date of the atlas in this third state have been corrected.
The title on the left now reads: “South Point of T’Avai
Poenammoo By M. de Blosseville From M. Duperrey’s Atlas 1824.” (Map
Bri 26.2) A third state printed in or after 1839 includes the
chart number. (Map Bri 26.3) This state also includes notes relating
to the visit of John Balleny to Port Pegasus. In a fourth state
published after June 1840, the titles within the charts have been
amended to read: “South West Extreme Of New Zealand From M.
Duperrey’s Atlas 1824. // Dusky Bay From Vancouver’s voyage and
Chalky Bay From M. Duperrey’s Atlas” (Map Bri 26.4). In a fifth
state the titles have been further amended to read: “New
Zealand, South Isle The South West Extremity Of New Zealand From M.
Duperrey’s Atlas 1824. // Dusky Bay From Cook’s 2d. Voyage And
Chalky Bay From M. Duperrey’s Atlas” (Map Bri 26.5). The chart
remained current until 1858.
In 1822, William Lawrence Edwardson was sent
by the government of New South Wales in the sloop Snapper, to
collect a cargo of dressed flax from southern New Zealand. It was
during this voyage that Edwardson carried out his surveys. Edwardson
Sound is named in his honour.
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Map Bri 26.1 b. 1099
Remarks: The section titled
“South Point ...” is modelled on
a chart included
inDuperrey’s Atlas Hydrographie (Paris, 1827), The section
titled “South Point ...” is modelled on a chart included
in Duperrey’s Atlas Hydrographie (Paris, 1827), (see the chart
listed in entry,
Map Dep 6a.1, in Chapter 5). The origin of the name
“Favourites Strait” has never been satisfactorily explained. “Port
Macquarie” is now known as Bluff Harbour.
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D.F. Bauzá
(1793), Doubtful Harbour; G. Vancouver (1791), Anchor Island
Harbour; W.R. Broughton (1791), Facile Harbour; J. Cook (1773),
Pickersgill Harbour, 1840
Map Bri 27.1**
1281 (4 charts on one sheet) “New Zealand South Island Doubtful
Harbour By Don Felipe Bauza in The Descubierta"1793.”
//
“Anchor Island Harbour From Vancouver’s Voyage 1791” // “Facile
Harbour From Vancouver’s Voyage 1791” “Pickersgill Harbour
From Vancouver’s Voyage 1791” “ ... 1840” (198 x
236 mm. - overall)
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Map Bri 27.1.
part of Chart 1281“New Zealand South Island Doubtful Harbour By Don Felipe Bauza in The Descubierta"1793.”
Remarks:
The data in the Doubtful Harbour plan
are derived from
a survey carried out by Don Felipe
Bauzá during the visit by the Spanish expedition of D.A. Malaspina,
in February 1793.
The chief navigator
accompanying Malaspina’s expedition, Don Felipe Bauzá made a
reconnaissance of the Sound in an armed longboat.
Some of the names
inscribed in Bauzá’s chart are in use
today.The
data in the Facile Harbour plan are derived from a survey
carried out by W.R. Broughton, during
Vancouver’s visit in 1791.
The data in the plan of Pickersgill
Harbour are derived from
Cook’s survey of 1773 - not
Vancouver’s visit as noted in the first
state of the chart; however, the
model used by the engraver for this
section was most likely Vancouver’s
engraved chart (see the details in
entry, Map Rob 1a, in Chapter 3, and
fig. 3.1 - go via Contents top right). In or near 1841 the chart was
reprinted with a correction to the Pickersgill Harbour title: “From
Captn Cook’s Voyage 1773” (Map Bri 27.2). The chart remained
current until 1858 when it was added to Chart no. 2589. |
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NB.
All illustrations in this
page are reproduced with the kind permission of UKHO.
J.M. Fournier (1838),
Chatham Islands with 2 inset views and 2 inset charts. 1840
Map Bri 28.1
1417 “Chatham Islands Compiled from a plan by M. Fournier
Lieutenant De l’Heroine 1840 and from a sketch by Mr. Charles Heaphy
Draftsman to the New Zealand Company 1840” [with 2 views and 3 inset
charts:] [i] “Port Hutt” [ii, is an untitled view looking towards
Waitangi Beach and Port Waitangi] [iii] “Kangaroa Or Skirmish
Bay” [iv] “Port Waitangi” [v] “Port Hutt” “ ... 1842.” (470 x
610 mm.)
Charles Heaphy visited
the Chatham Islands in 1840. Fournier’s plan had been published by
the Dépôt-général de la Marine, Paris, in 1840 (see the entry, Map
Dep 25a, in Chapter 5 - go via Contents above).
A. Bristow (1806),
Auckland Islands; F. Hazelburgh (1810), Campbell Island, 1823.
Map Bri 29.1
1114
(2 charts on one sheet) “A sketch of Lord Auckland’s Groupe
Discovered by Abrm. Bristow Commander of the Ship Ocean, South
Whaler 1806” // “A Sketch of Campbell’s Island Discovered by Mr. Fredk.
Hazelburgh of the Brig Perseverance 1810.” “ ... 1823.” (285
x 187 mm.)
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Map Bri 29.1
1114 (2 charts on one sheet) “A sketch of Lord
Auckland’s Groupe Discovered by Abrm. Bristow Commander
of the Ship Ocean, South Whaler 1806” // “A Sketch of
Campbell’s Island Discovered by Mr. Fredk. Hazelburgh of
the Brig Perseverance 1810.” “ ... 1823.”
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Map Bri 29.1.
Part BA Chart No.
1114 “A Sketch of Campbell’s Island Discovered by Mr. Fredk.
Hazelburgh of the Brig Perseverance 1810.” “ .1823.” Remarks:
The double border is an
addition by the editor. In this rare example James Wyld has pasted his on the
chart.
This chart
was first published before numbers were allocated in
1839. The second state published in or after 1839 includes the
number 1114 (Map Bri 29.2). The chart remained current until
after 1895.
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Map Bri 29.2.
Part BA Chart No.
1114 “A Sketch of Campbell’s Island Discovered by Mr. Fredk.
Hazelburgh of the Brig Perseverance 1810.” “ .1823.” The
second state published in or after 1839 includes the number 1114 (Map Bri
29.2). The chart remained current until after 1895. |
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§
Bibliography,
Chapter 4
Day, A. 1967
The Admiralty Hydrographic Service 1795-1919. London: Her
Majesty’s Stationery Office.
Hargreaves, R.P.
1969
Nineteenth Century British Hydrographic
Charts of New Zealand. Dunedin: University of Otago
Press.
Hooker, Brian. 1988 "Official general charts of New
Zealand 1772-1885" The Journal of Navigation
41 (1): 35-51.
----------------- . 1993 "Finding Port Nicholson; A new look
at European discovery and naming claims"
The Mariner’s
Mirror, vol 79, No. 2, 179-91.
Ritchie, G.S.
1968
The Admiralty Chart. 2nd impr.,
London: Hollis & Carter.
Ross, J.O’C. 1969
This Stern Coast. Wellington: A.H. & A.W. Reed.
Spencer, Jeremy.
Appendix 1, "Charts and drawings associated
with the Voyage of the "St Jean Baptiste", in
Early Eyewitness
Accounts of Maori Life -1
– Extracts from Journals
Relating to the Visit to New Zealand of the French Ship St Jean
Baptiste in December 1769 Under the Command of J. F. M. de
Surville
(Translation & transcription by Isabel Ollivier and Cheryl
Hingley), Wellington: Alexander Turnbull Library Endowment Trust in
association with the National Library of New Zealand, 1982.
§
To go direct to Chapters 5
click
Here.
The present page (DYG1)
contains Chapter 4,
British Admiralty hydrographic
charts,
of Early New Zealand Printed Maps.
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