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©
Brian Hooker 2006 .
A note about
illustrations of maps: The illustrations are provided as a guide only
- magnification is not always practicable with early maps that are often
faded or smudgy. Some of the images have been copied from small
photographs of large maps. However, in some examples enlargement in
sections has been possible and a note in the caption indicates this.
(Continued from Chapter
7.
the London map publisher, James Wyld I (1790-1836), began an association with New Zealand maps at the time he published Thomas McDonnell’s general map, in 1834. After the death of James Wyld I, in 1836, James Wyld II (1812-87), became head of the map-publishing firm and continued to publish New Zealand maps. The McDonnell-Wyld map was revised and reprinted a record number of times for any nineteenth-century map. The title of the original issue is given in the first entry in this chapter.
NB.
The sub-headings provide the name of the original surveyor or compiler, the year of the survey, the area, and the
year the map was first published by Wyld.
McDonnell-Wyld, New Zealand, 1834
Map Wyl 1.1 “To the Right Honble.
Thos. Spring
Rice Secretary of State for the Colonies Ec. Ec. Ec. This Chart of New Zealand. from Original Surveys is respectfully Dedicated by His very obedient Servant. Thomas Mc. Donnell. Lieutt. R.N.” [with 4 inset plans:] [i] “Plan
of the Bar and part of the Hokianga River.” [ii] “Plan of the entrance to Port Manoukao.” [iii] “Plan of Southern Port. Stewarts Island.” [iv] “Plan of Dusky Bay.” “ ... Octr. 31,
1834 ... “ London.
(780 x 540 mm.)
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Map Wyl 8.1 “To the Right Honble.
Thos. Spring
Rice Secretary of State for
the Colonies Ec. Ec. Ec. This Chart of New Zealand. from Original Surveys is
respectfully Dedicated by His very obedient Servant. Thomas Mc. Donnell.
Lieutt. R.N.” [with 4 inset plans:] [i] “Plan
of the Bar and part of the Hokianga
River.” [ii] “Plan of the entrance to Port Manoukao.” [iii] “Plan of Southern Port.
Stewarts Island.” [iv] “Plan of Dusky Bay.” “ ... Octr. 31,
1834 ... “ London.
Remarks: T. McDonnell, Chart of New Zealand with 4 inset plans (1st state - 1st ed.), London: J. Wyld, 1834. McDonnell prepared this map after consulting a number of earlier printed maps and adding a few invented
features and McDonnell family names. During a visit to London he persuaded Wyld to publish the map. There is no evidence in support of a view that McDonnell carried out surveys of his own.
That there are different editions of the map
made from the same
copper
plate does not square with the explanation
concerning editions and
states
given under the earlier heading “Preliminary
Information.”
However, in this case the term edition has
been used by the publisher;
but the fact is all maps in this series are
from the same copper plate an
therefore
strictly speaking different states of the
one edition.[ac: 2166] |
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A second edition was published with the date “Feby. 9 1837.” (Map Wyl 1.2)
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Map Wyl 1.2..
Above is a reproduction of an example of the
second edition
published with the date “Feby. 9 1837.”
Changes and additions are minor. |
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[ac: 1847b] |
A second issue of the second edition was published with the date “Feby.
9 1839.” (Map Wyl 1.3) A third edition was published with the date “Feby. 9 1840;” but this issue is virtually the same as the previous state.
(Map Wyl 1.4)
Another issue was published
with the same date as the previous issue but with
a considerable number of changes including the
addition of three further inset plans. Details of the inset plans follow: “Plan of Victoria Bay of Islands New Zealand.” [vi] “Oyerri Or Pelorus River surveyed by Lieutt. Chaffers R.N.” [vii] “Port
Nicholson Surveyed by Lieutt. Chaffers R.N.”
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A third edition was published with the date “Feby.
9 1840;”
but this issue is virtually the same as the previous
state. The map
illustrated is an example of a folded pocket
map with card covers. |
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ac:743 nla RM468B T1394
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In addition to the changes and new prints mentioned above, revisions were carried out in the copper plate in each of the following years before fresh charts were printed: 1841. (Map Wyl 1.6); 1842 (Map Wyl 1.7); 1843
(Map Wyl 1.8)
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3rd ed |
;
1845 (Map Wyl 1.9); 1846 (Map Wyl 1.10); 1847 (Map Wyl 1.11); 1848 (Map Wyl 1.12); A different, undated 1848 issue was printed and included in, J. Byrne, Twelve Years’ Wandering in the British
Colonies; from 1835 to 1847, 2 vols
(London: Richard Bentley,1848) (Map Wyl
1.13); 1850 (Map Wyl 1.14); 1851 (Map Wyl 1.15); 1852 (Map Wyl 1.16); 1853 (Map Wyl 1.17); 1854 (Map Wyl 1.18); 1855 (Map Wyl 1.19); 1856 (Map 1.20);
c. 1856 (Map Wyl 1.21); 1858 (Map
Wyl 1.22); 1859 (Map Wyl 1.23); 1860 (Map Wyl 1.24);
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3rd ed 1860 |
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2165 |
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1862
(Map 1.25); 1863 (Map Wyl 1.26); 1864 (Map 1.27); 1865 (Map Wyl 1.28); 1868 (Map Wyl 1.29); c. 1870 (Map Wyl 1.30); c. 1872 (Map Wyl; 1.31); 1870-77 (Map Wyl 1.32).
[BH. 19 June 2008. The following
note is additional information on Wyld's maps
copied from Robert Douma's stock list number 4,
April 1982.]
The ever-changing maps of James Wyld
The maps
produced by lames Wyld the younger (1812-87), Queen Victoria's official
geographer, provide one of the best cartographic records of developments
in North America and in Britain's far flung possessions. Amended reissues
of Wyld's maps follow close on one another's heels in more variant forms
than any bibliography has yet appreciated. His sheets for New Zealand,
North America and South Africa are good illustrations of this. Each of the
three maps is printed from a single copper plate: only a small sample of
the distinguishing features of each state can be noted here.
New Zealand
Originally
published [compiled i.e.] by Thomas McDonnell in 1834 (with a revised
version following in 1839), the map of New Zealand appeared for the first
time under Wyld's imprint in 1840. Of this 'Third Edition' no less than
sixteen variant states are known, appearing almost annual intervals up to
at least 1864. The four versions offered below span the period between
1850 - ten years after British annexation initiated the process of official
settlement and some point in the 1870s. Few other areas can boast such
dramatic cartographic change in so short a period, the result both of a
growing understanding of New Zealand's often intractable interior and the
rapid in flux of settlers. P. L. Barton, The History of the Mapping of New
Zealand, The Map Collector no. 11, 1980 p.33; R. V. Tooley, The
Mapping of Australia, London, 1978 pp .• 71- 92.
463 ...
Chart of New Zealand, from Original Surveys. Third Edition. London, Feby
9.1850. 765x540 mm /30x21 t in. Original outline handcolour. £120 Already
named, with their foundation dates in brackets, are a number of the
important early settlements: Wellington (1840), Auckland and New Plymouth
(1841), Nelson (1842) and Dunedin (founded only two years previously, in
1848). Variant unrecorded by Tooley.
464 ...
Feby) 9 1860. [Additional reference to the 'Model of the Earth,
LeicestecSqume'l. Original outline hand-colour. £100
The addition of
Napier and the naming of the provincial districts show this to be the
second of two 1860 states. Compared with the 1850 version, the inla(ld
detail has been noticeably increased. Christchurch and Lyttleton (both
founded in 1850) are now named, as is Invercargill (established in 1857).
The South Island outline has also been improved with the redrawing of the
south coast as well as the stretch above Banks Peninsula. Variant
unrecorded by Tooley (later than his 1560, Plate 121).
465 ...
Feby 191862. ['Model of the Earth' reference removed I. Original outline
hand-colour; slight foxing. £120 The river systems flowing down from the
Southern Alps through Canterbury and Otago are now shown for the first
time. It was the discovery of gold on the Clutha River (named here) that
prompted the gold rush of 1861-2. Tooley 1403.
466 [Undated. 'Charing
Cross East' replaced by 'Charing Cross (11 & 12) S. W.'). Original outline
hand-colour. £ I 00 Close packed detail has been added all over
South Island, the large bay on which Wanganui looks out has been redrawn,
and the beginnings of a road and railway network are marked in. Several of
today's larger towns, omitted in 1862, are named: Ashburton, Blenheim,
Gisborne, Greymouth, Hamilton, Hastings, Hotikika, Palmerston North
(founded in 1871), Picton, Riverton and Westporl. The Otago goldfields are
shown in detail. Tooley 1405?.
(A note kindly supplied by the Map Librarian University of
Waikato, 22 November 1983, indicates that the
library holds the following issues: 1843,1848,1856
and circa 1870).
One or the other of the following two maps can be found in, William Yate, An
Account of New Zealand (London: Seeley & Burnside, 1835). Two editions of the book appeared in the same year.
W. Yate, North Island, 1835
Map Wyl 2 “The Northern Island Of New Zealand, With Additions By The Rev. W. Yate. 1835.” (210 x 180 mm.)
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James Wyld, “The Northern
Island Of New Zealand, With Additions
By The Rev. W. Yate, 1835.”
1st edition 1835 maps can be found in,
William
Yate, An Account of New Zealand
(London: Seeley & Burnside,
1835). |
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ac:724 |
W. Yate, New Zealand, 1835
Map Wyl 3 “Map of New Zealand, with Additions by The Rev. W. Yate. 1835.” (210 x 180 mm.)
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James Wyld, “Map of New Zealand, with Additions
by The Rev. W. Yate, 1835.” o maps can be found in, William Yate,
An Account of New Zealand (London: Seeley &
Burnside, 1835).
2nd edition, 1835.. |
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[ac:724b] |
The following three maps were published in single-sheet editions by Wyld:
T. McDonnell et al., Kaipara Harbour, c. 1840
Map Wyl 4.1
“Sketch Of The Harbour & Estuary Of Kaipara and of the Rivers flowing into it. From the documents of T. Mc. Donnell R.N. Surveyed by T. Mc. Donnell R.N.” [with an untitled inset view:]
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British Library.(92715-1 | 904675)
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Map Wyl 4.1.
“Sketch Of The Harbour & Estuary Of Kaipara and of the Rivers flowing into it. From the documents of T. Mc. Donnell R.N. Surveyed by T. Mc. Donnell R.N.” [with an untitled inset view:]T. McDonnell et al., Kaipara Harbour, c. 1840 T. McDonnell
et al., Kaipara Harbour, c. 1840 Map Wyl 4.1 “Sketch Of The
Harbour & Estuary Of Kaipara and of the Rivers flowing into it. From the documents of T. Mc. Donnell R.N. Surveyed by
T. Mc. Donnell R.N.” [with an untitled inset view:]
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E.M. Chaffers (1839), Port Nicholson, 1840
Map Wyl 5.1 “Chart of Port Nicholson New Zealand Surveyed By E.M. Chaffers R.N. 1839.” “ ... 1840.” (735 x 515 mm.)
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court parliuam |
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Map Wyl 5.1 “Chart of Port Nicholson New
Zealand Surveyed
By E.M. Chaffers R.N. 1839.”
“ ... 1840.”
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An amended issue was published in 1841. (Map Wyl 5.2)
E.M. Chaffers (1839), Tory Channel, 1841
Map Wyl 6 [Chart of Tory Channel by E.M. Chaffers.]
A print has not been found but almost certainly Wyld published a chart of Tory Channel.
Charles Heaphy et al.,
Cook Strait, 1841
Map Wyl 7 “To The
New Zealand Company This Chart Of Cook’s Strait Compiled from original Surveys Is Dedicated By their obliged Servant James Wyld.” [with 3 inset views:] [i] “View Of Cooks Strait Between Cape Jackson & Kapiti Island.” [ii] “Cloudy Bay From Port Underwood.”
[iii] “Cook’s Strait Koemarroo And The Entrance Of Queen Charlotte Sound.” “ ... 1841.” (735 x 480 mm.)
In 1841 James Wyld published the first issue of
his large general chart with the following title:
J. Wyld, New Zealand, 1841
Map Wyl 8.1
“The Islands Of New Zealand from the Admiralty Surveys Of the English and French Marine From The Observations Of The Officers Of The New Zealand Company And From Private Surveys & Sketches Compiled By James Wyld Geographer To The Queen And H.R.H. Prince Albert ... 1841.” [with an inset chart:] “The Chatham Group.” “ ...
1841.” (1170 x 830 mm.)
The first revised issue was published in 1841 with the addition of a further inset chart, “Port Nicholson.” (Map Wyl 8.2) Further revised issues were published in the following years: 1842
(Map
Wyl 8.3); 1843 (Map Wyl 8.4);
c. 1843-44
(Map Wyl 8.5);
1846
(Map Wyl 8.6);
1847 (Map 8.7); c. 1849 (Map Wyl 8.8); 1850 (Map Wyl 8.9), c. 1851 (Map 8.10); 1864 (Map 8,11); c. 1874
(Map 8.12).
Only one state of the following map is known but
undoubtedly Wyld
amended the copper plate and printed revised
prints after 1863:
J. Wyld, New Zealand seat of war map, 1863
Map Wyl 9 “Seat Of War In New Zealand The North Island Of New Zealand embracing the Country Round Auckland,
Wellington & New Plymouth. ...” [with 2 inset maps:] [i] [World on Mercator’s projection] [ii] “The Islands Of New Zealand ... ” [1863] (560 x 400 mm.)
figure 8.3 (detail from) T. McDonnell
et al., Chart of Kaipara Harbour, London: J. Wyld, c. 1840. “Tui’s Point” was a name given by McDonnell. No doubt the sketch represents the Tui at the entrance of
Kaipara Harbour.
Bibliography Chapter 8
Chapter 8
Remarks on the illustrations
figure 8.2
- “Plan of
Victoria, Bay of Islands”
(inset map in, T. McDonnell, Chart of
New Zealand with 7 inset plans), London: J. Wyld, 1834-43 - 3rd ed. James Busby, British Resident in New Zealand
and a claimant of land, was the man behind the
idea of a neatly laid out town at Waitangi to be
named “Victoria.” In the plan, in front of the
“British Residency” (the Treaty House), a circled
symbol of a tent with a flag is placed beside a
legend reading “Tent in which the chiefs signed
the Treaty.”
Hooker, Brian. 1983 Some preliminary notes on the original and revised issues of the McDonnell-Wyld chart of New Zealand,
The Turnbull Library
Record 16 (2): 111-125.
-----------------. 1989 The ghost town of Victoria
Auckland-Waikato Historical Journal No. 54: 39-40.
Continued in Chapter 9 -
Page DYL1 click
HERE.
The present page contains Chapter 8 of
Early New Zealand Printed Maps.
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